{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T16:53:36Z","timestamp":1791132816289,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Temperature\u2010controlled radiofrequency (TCRF), septoplasty (ST) with turbinate reduction, and functional rhinoplasty (FR) are treatment options for nasal airway obstruction (NAO) and nasal valve dysfunction (NVD), but no direct comparison of these procedures has been performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective, open\u2010label, non\u2010inferiority (NI) trial, conducted at 29 US sites, used a prespecified NI margin and inverse probability of treatment weighting to simulate randomization and facilitate an unbiased comparison of TCRF to ST and FR in adults with Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores \u2265\u00a055 and NVD. NI was determined using a 15% difference in the 3\u2010month responder rate (\u2265\u00a024\u2010point NOSE score improvement) for TCRF compared to ST and FR. Additional analyses included return to work\/regular activities (RTW) and adverse events (AEs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 174 patients were treated (116 TCRF and 58 surgery [35 ST, 23 FR]). At 3 months, TCRF was non\u2010inferior to surgery with a 90.5% responder rate compared to 94.3% for ST (mean difference: 0.04 [95% CI, \u22120.02 to 0.11];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and 95.7% for FR (mean difference: \u22120.12 [95% CI, \u22120.23 to 0];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). TCRF median RTW was 1 day versus 5.5 and 7.5 days for ST and FR, respectively. TCRF had fewer AEs than surgery (6.9% TCRF patients vs. 19.0% for surgical arms combined).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TCRF patient treatment response was non\u2010inferior to ST and FR, with fewer AEs and faster RTW. These findings support TCRF as a minimally invasive alternative to nasal surgery for patients with NAO and NVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06922955<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.70165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T10:05:02Z","timestamp":1776161102000},"page":"1073-1083","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temperature\u2010Controlled Radiofrequency for Severe Nasal Airway Obstruction: A Non\u2010Inferiority Comparison With Surgical Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Greg","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT &amp; Allergy Associates\u2013Proliance Surgeons  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeeshan","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Florida Surgeons Advanced ENT and Allergy  Fernandina Beach Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Center for Facial Plastic and Laser Surgery  San Antonio Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Blythe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Alabama ENT  Opelika Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExcelENT of Alabama  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breathe Clear Institute  Torrance California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentuckiana ENT, a Division of ENT Care Centers Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Lano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hill Country ENT New Braunfels Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Levitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Open Sinus Ear Nose &amp; Throat  New York City New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Lopatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dearborn ENT  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Oyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia  Charlottesville Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Silvers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madison ENT &amp; Facial Plastic Surgery  New York City New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Waitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dearborn ENT  Dearborn Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Ow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sacramento Ear, Nose and Throat Medical and Surgical Group  Roseville California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23937\/2572\u20104193.1510105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"\u201cPosition Statement: Nasal Valve Repair \u201dAAO accessed March 22 2023 https:\/\/www.entnet.org\/resource\/position\u2010statement\u2010nasal\u2010valve\u2010repair\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26574\/MAEDICA.2022.17.4.921"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816683156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001884"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006561"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2023.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2015.0978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00405\u2010024\u201008937\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.OTC.2010.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/FPSAM.2022.0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2008.22.3200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AMJOTO.2009.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556131809700615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12916\u2010020\u201001562\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.90762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/LIO2.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ALR.22667"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/OHN.1118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/OTO2.70111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ALR.23541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ALR.70066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/RHIN23.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/KJP.2012.55.11.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ASJ\/SJZ070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2012.87802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23472"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22861"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010018\u201005270\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"B.Olzowy A.Morski U.Hellstern andD.Brehmer First Clinical Experience With VivAer\u2122 Intranasal Remodeling Treatment to Enlarge Collapsing or Narrow Nasal Valve Areas HNO Presented at the 26th Congress of the European Rhinologic Society Stockholm Sweden July 3\u20107 2016 www.hno\u2010landsberg.de."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/FPSAM.2022.0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/S\u20100043\u20101769806\/ID\/JR2023040051OA\u201021\/BIB"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2017.1775"}],"container-title":["International Forum of Allergy &amp; 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