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We aimed to examine the association of lifespan CR indicator with the risk of MCI and its progression to dementia, taking brain pathologies into account.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a community\u2010based cohort study (mean age, 79\u00a0years) with annual follow\u2010up (median, 5.16\u00a0years; maximum, 20\u00a0years), a cognitively intact group (n = 1182) and an MCI group (n = 420) were identified at baseline. During the follow\u2010up, 611 participants died and underwent autopsies. CR indicator encompassing education, early life to late\u2010life cognitive and social activities were obtained and tertiled.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The multi\u2010adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of MCI was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58 to 0.90) in the cognitively intact group, and the HR of dementia was 0.66 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.97) in the MCI group for participants with the highest CR indicator (reference: the lowest CR indicator). Among MCI participants with brain pathologies, dementia incidence was about 50% lower in people with the highest CR indicator than the lowest CR indicator.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>High lifespan CR indicator reduces risk of MCI, and delays its progression to dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T01:28:16Z","timestamp":1588037296000},"page":"873-882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Association of lifespan cognitive reserve indicator with the risk of mild cognitive impairment and its progression to dementia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Tianjin Medical University  Tianjin 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