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Several are associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A scoping review was used to identify drug classes associated with increasing or decreasing ADRD risk. We analyzed size, type, and findings of the evidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 29 drug classes across 11 therapeutic areas, and 404 human studies. Most common were studies on drugs for hypertension (93) or hyperlipidemia (81). Fewer than five studies were identified for several anti\u2010diabetic and anti\u2010inflammatory drugs. Evidence was observational only for beta blockers, proton pump inhibitors, benzodiazepines, and disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs. For 13 drug classes, 50% or more of the studies reported consistent direction of effect on risk of ADRD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Future research targeting drug classes with limited\/non\u2010robust evidence, examining sex, racial heterogeneity, and separating classes by molecule, will facilitate understanding of associated risk, and inform clinical and policy efforts to alleviate the growing impact of ADRD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:15:51Z","timestamp":1602202551000},"page":"41-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Drug therapies for chronic conditions and risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Thunell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Price School of Public Policy University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Barthold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Comparative Health Outcomes Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, School of Pharmacy University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul G.","family":"Shekelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA School of Medicine, VA Medical Center RAND Corporation  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta Diaz","family":"Brinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neurology, Center for Innovation in Brain Science University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Zissimopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Price School of Public Policy, Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(92)90030-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/fhep-2014-0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbx147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2018.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31363-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206705"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-014-0559-3","article-title":"Statins and cognitive function: an updated review","volume":"17","author":"Chatterjee S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2013.05.009"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180129101049","article-title":"Is the use of proton\u2010pump inhibitors a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? 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