{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:45:02Z","timestamp":1791409502149,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biological sex is an increasingly recognized factor driving clinical and structural heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease, but its role in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 216 patients with bvFTD and 235 controls with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from a large multicenter cohort. We compared the clinical characteristics and cortical thickness between men and women with bvFTD and controls. We followed the residuals approach to study behavioral and cognitive reserve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At diagnosis, women with bvFTD showed greater atrophy burden in the frontotemporal regions compared to men despite similar clinical characteristics. For a similar amount of atrophy, women demonstrated better\u2010than\u2010expected scores on executive function and fewer changes in apathy, sleep, and appetite than men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that women might have greater behavioral and executive reserve than men, and neurodegeneration must be more severe in women to produce symptoms similar in severity to those in men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T02:47:16Z","timestamp":1613702836000},"page":"1329-1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Sex differences in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia: A new window to executive and behavioral reserve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5418-2052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Ill\u00e1n\u2010Gala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"},{"name":"Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health at the University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin B.","family":"Casaletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergi","family":"Borrego\u2010\u00c9cija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit Service of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eider M.","family":"Arenaza\u2010Urquijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona\u03b2eta Brain Research Center (BBRC) Pasqual Maragall Foundation  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yann","family":"Cobigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng Yang M.","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Staffaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Alcolea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Fortea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Blesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Clarimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Florencia","family":"Iulita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"},{"name":"Women's Brain Project  Guntershausen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Brugulat\u2010Serrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health at the University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Barcelona\u03b2eta Brain Research Center (BBRC) Pasqual Maragall Foundation  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Llad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit Service of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea T.","family":"Grinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Pathology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Possin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine P.","family":"Rankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel H.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gil D.","family":"Rabinovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Boxer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William W.","family":"Seeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Pathology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia E.","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Gorno\u2010Tempini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce L.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit Service of Neurology Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica August Pi i Sunyer University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Lle\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit Department of Neurology Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard J.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002373"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx254"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2007.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"735","article-title":"Heterogeneity of neuroanatomical patterns in prodromal Alzheimer's disease: links to cognition, progression and biomarkers","volume":"140","author":"Dong A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0032-9","article-title":"Sex differences in Alzheimer disease \u2014 the gateway to precision medicine","volume":"14","author":"for the Women's Brain Project and the Alzheimer Precision Medicine Initiative","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30159-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31561-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Considering sex and gender in Alzheimer disease and other dementias","volume":"18","author":"Podcasy JL","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","article-title":"Psychiatric diagnoses underlying the phenocopy syndrome of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia","author":"Gossink FT","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06382oli"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2013.776523"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"S15525260183349","article-title":"Whitepaper: defining and investigating cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenance","author":"Stern Y","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38239-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcaa025","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa025","article-title":"Women can bear a bigger burden: ante\u2010 and post\u2010mortem evidence for reserve in the face of tau","volume":"2","author":"Digma LA","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0612-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.12.2308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1398"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","article-title":"Genetic predictors of survival in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration","author":"Caswell C","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-018-9852-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12521"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-322987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","article-title":"Frontotemporal dementia: correlations between psychiatric symptoms and pathology","author":"Scarioni M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2550"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70191-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c1dee7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610210000876"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.12299","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/alz.12299","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.12299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T21:49:23Z","timestamp":1759873763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alz.12299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alz.12299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.12299","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-referenced-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1038\/s41597-021-01007-5","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5260","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}