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Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ophthalmic conditions and dementia appear to overlap and may share common pathways, but research has not differentiated dementia subtypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnoses of cataracts, age\u2010related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma were based on medical histories and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD\u20109) codes for 3375 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), was classified using standardized research criteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cataracts were associated with AD (hazard ratio [HR]\u00a0=\u00a01.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u00a0=\u00a01.01\u20101.80) and VaD\/mixed dementia (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.41; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.02\u20101.95). AMD was associated with AD only (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.87; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.13\u20103.09), whereas DR was associated with VaD\/mixed dementia only (HR\u00a0=\u00a02.63; 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.10\u20106.27).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differential associations between specific ophthalmic conditions and dementia subtypes may elucidate pathophysiologic pathways. Lack of association between glaucoma and dementia was most surprising from these analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T06:09:55Z","timestamp":1617170995000},"page":"1442-1451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Ophthalmic conditions associated with dementia risk: The Cardiovascular Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Phillip H.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Will T.","family":"Longstreth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Washington  Seattle 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