{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:01:45Z","timestamp":1792807305553,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>Validity of the 2014 traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) criteria, proposed to diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in life, has not been assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 336 consecutive brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts from contact sports, military service, and\/or physical violence were included. Blinded to clinical information, neuropathologists applied National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke\/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering CTE criteria. Blinded to neuropathological information, clinicians interviewed informants and reviewed medical records. An expert panel adjudicated TES diagnoses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 309 donors were diagnosed with TES; 244 donors had CTE pathology. TES criteria demonstrated sensitivity and specificity of 0.97 and 0.21, respectively. Cognitive (odds ratio [OR]\u00a0=\u00a03.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2\u20135.1), but not mood\/behavior or motor symptoms, were significantly associated with CTE pathology. Having Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology was significantly associated with reduced TES accuracy (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.27; 95% CI: 0.12\u20130.59).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Discussion<\/jats:title>TES criteria provided good evidence to rule out, but limited evidence to rule in, CTE pathology. Requiring cognitive symptoms in revised criteria and using AD biomarkers may improve CTE pathology prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T08:47:56Z","timestamp":1617785276000},"page":"1709-1724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Validity of the 2014 traumatic encephalopathy syndrome criteria for CTE pathology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jesse","family":"Mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Alosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Daneshvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Saltiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Baucom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobak","family":"Abdolmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Uretsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Nicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett M.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Biostatistics & Epidemiology Data Analytics Center Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Biostatistics & Epidemiology Data Analytics Center Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Nowinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Concussion Legacy Foundation Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Montenigro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd M.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc Aliso Viejo California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Mahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Cherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor E.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigid","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital Braintree Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee E.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Departments of Biomedical Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University College of Engineering Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas I.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital Braintree Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Cantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Concussion Legacy Foundation Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Emerson Hospital Concord Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil W.","family":"Kowall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yorghos","family":"Tripodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand R.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor D.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann C.","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Centers Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1502-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.8334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1496-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1515-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a55f7f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-014-0068-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-015-0148-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-007-0311-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-008-9079-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02197-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000312279.49272.9f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neuropathology of non\u2010Alzheimer degenerative disorders","volume":"3","author":"Dickson DW","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0612-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.070182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.33.3.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.4.479"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199601000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HTR.0000300227.67748.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2690"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S58005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wad.0000213865.09806.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.1.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10459"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1233-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.9.1143"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.04.516"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1900757"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25245"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.16030043","article-title":"Cognitive reserve as a modifier of clinical expression in chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a preliminary examination","volume":"29","author":"Alosco ML","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128944"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.2244"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","article-title":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome","author":"Katz DI","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31824b211b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822c9148"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713624","article-title":"Clinical presentation of chronic traumatic encephalopathy","volume":"40","author":"Mariani M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's & Dementia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.12338","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/alz.12338","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.12338","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T23:41:16Z","timestamp":1759880476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alz.12338"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alz.12338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.12338","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5260","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}