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However, hearing's impact on cognitive test completion is poorly described, and missing cognitive data due to hearing impairment could misestimate the association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated if hearing impairment is associated with missing neurocognitive scores in 3678 adults (72\u201094 years). Hearing impairment was defined by the better\u2010ear pure tone average of speech\u2010frequency thresholds (0.5\u20104\u00a0kHz)\u00a0&gt;25 decibels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing impairment was associated with greater missingness on all auditory\u2010only tests, including Logical Memory (prevalence ratio [PR] comparing \u2265 moderate impairment vs normal hearing:1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26, 2.25) and Digits Backwards (PR 1.62; 95% CI 1.21, 2.17); and two non\u2010auditory tests, Boston Naming (PR 1.61; 95% CI 1.21, 2.17) and Trail Making B (PR 1.55; 95% CI 1.29, 1.86). Models that imputed missing cognitive scores showed the strongest hearing\u2010cognition associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older adults with hearing impairment are less likely to complete cognitive testing, thereby underestimating the hearing impairment\u2010cognition relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T11:43:27Z","timestamp":1618227807000},"page":"1725-1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hearing impairment and missing cognitive test scores in a population\u2010based study of older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities neurocognitive study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Deal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Cochlear Center for Hearing and Public Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Disability Health Research Center Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alden L.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Center on Aging and Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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