{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:13:38Z","timestamp":1791821618756,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data are limited for comparison of sex\u2010 and race\/ethnicity\u2010specific risks of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the population\u2010based Multiethnic Cohort, we estimated the age\u2010standardized diagnostic incidence rate (ASDIR) and relative risk of late\u2010onset ADRD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016,410) among 105,796 participants based on Medicare claims (1999\u20102014) by sex and race\/ethnicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ASDIR for ADRD was higher for women (17.0 per 1000 person\u2010years) than for men (15.3) and varied across African Americans (22.9 in women, 21.5 in men), Native Hawaiians (19.3, 19.4), Latinos (16.8, 14.7), Whites (16.4, 15.5), Japanese Americans (14.8, 13.8), and Filipinos (12.5, 9.7). Similar risk patterns were observed for AD. Adjustment for education and cardiometabolic diseases attenuated the differences. Accounting for deaths from competing causes increased the sex difference, while reducing the racial\/ethnic differences. Less racial\/ethnic disparity was detected among apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) e4 carriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>More research is needed to understand the sex and racial\/ethnic differences in ADRD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T07:48:55Z","timestamp":1639036135000},"page":"1625-1634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia by sex and race\/ethnicity: The Multiethnic Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6221-7190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Unhee","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center University of Hawaii at Manoa  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song\u2010Yi","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center University of Hawaii at Manoa  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bogumil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna H.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iona","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Haiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efc","family":"Le Marchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center University of Hawaii at Manoa  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne R.","family":"Wilkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center University of Hawaii at Manoa  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lon","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Health Research and Education Institute  Honolulu Hawaii USA"},{"name":"John A Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii at Manoa  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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