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Concentrations of small HDLs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were measured in 180 individuals \u226560 years of age using ion mobility methodology. Small HDL concentrations in CSF were positively associated with performance in three domains of cognitive function independent of apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54 status, age, sex, and years of education. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between levels of small HDLs in CSF and plasma. 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