{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:53:15Z","timestamp":1787316795711,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite their increased application, the heritability of Alzheimer's disease (AD)\u2013related blood\u2010based biomarkers remains unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma amyloid beta 40 (A\u03b240), A\u03b242, the A\u03b242\/40 ratio, total tau (t\u2010tau), and neurofilament light (NfL) data came from 1035 men 60 to 73 years of age (\u03bc =\u00a067.0, SD\u00a0=\u00a02.6). Twin models were used to calculate heritability and the genetic and environmental correlations between them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Additive genetics explained 44% to 52% of A\u03b242, A\u03b240, t\u2010tau, and NfL. The A\u03b242\/40 ratio was not heritable. A\u03b240 and A\u03b242 were genetically near identical (r\n                      <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.94). Both A\u03b240 and A\u03b242 were genetically correlated with NfL (r\n                      <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.35 to 0.38), but genetically unrelated to t\u2010tau.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Except for A\u03b242\/40, plasma biomarkers are heritable. A\u03b240 and A\u03b242 share mostly the same genetic influences, whereas genetic influences on plasma t\u2010tau and NfL are largely unique in early old\u2010age men. The absence of genetic associations between the A\u03b2s and t\u2010tau is not consistent with the amyloid cascade hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T07:00:22Z","timestamp":1692946822000},"page":"356-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The heritability of blood\u2010based biomarkers related to risk of Alzheimer's disease in a population\u2010based sample of early old\u2010age men"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"Elman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth E.","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"School of Education and Social Policy Merrimack College North Andover Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin M.","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Saint. 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L.","family":"Eglit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Neale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behaviour Genetics Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Rissman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Franz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Kremen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences University of California, San Diego La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Alzheimers Dement 2020 2020 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.13805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"In NIH Consensus Statement Science Statements","author":"Daviglus ML","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002609"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Behavior Genetics of Cognition Across the Lifespan, D. 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