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In an ADNI cohort (296 cognitively unimpaired, 401 mild cognitive impairment, 188 dementia), A\u03b2 and tau explained 33% to 43% of variance in cognitive decline; imputed non\u2010ADNC explained an additional 16% to 26%. Accounting for non\u2010ADNC decreased the required sample size to detect a 30% effect on cognitive decline by up to 28%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results lead to a better understanding of the factors that influence cognitive decline and may lead to improvements in AD clinical trial design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T23:36:29Z","timestamp":1693870589000},"page":"421-436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Identifying individuals with non\u2010Alzheimer's disease co\u2010pathologies: A precision medicine approach to clinical trials in sporadic Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8644-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu","family":"Tosun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Yardibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammie L. 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Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Weiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Simen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging 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