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We explored the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of vascular injury and neuroinflammation with AD biomarkers in middle\u2010aged Black\/African American (B\/AA) and non\u2010Hispanic White (NHW) participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults (45\u201365 years) with a parental history of AD were enrolled (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a082). CSF and blood biomarkers were collected at baseline and year 2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>CSF total tau (t\u2010tau), phosphorylated tau (p\u2010tau), and amyloid beta (A\u03b2)40 were elevated at year 2 compared to baseline. CSF soluble platelet\u2010derived growth factor receptor \u03b2 (sPDGFR\u03b2) levels, a marker of pericyte injury, correlated positively with t\u2010tau, p\u2010tau, A\u03b240 markers of vascular injury, and cytokines at baseline and year 2. CSF sPDGFR\u03b2 and tau were significantly lower in B\/AA than NHW.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vascular dysfunction and neuroinflammation may precede cognitive decline and disease pathology in the very early preclinical stages of AD, and there are race\u2010related differences in these relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers changed over 2 years in high\u2010risk middle\u2010aged adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Markers of vascular dysfunction were associated with the CSF biomarkers amyloid beta and tau.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>AD biomarkers were lower in Black compared to non\u2010Hispanic White individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Markers of vascular dysfunction were lower among Black individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T01:30:16Z","timestamp":1699320616000},"page":"1175-1189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["sPDGFR\u03b2 and neuroinflammation are associated with AD biomarkers and differ by race: The ASCEND Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4862-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany","family":"Butts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanfeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University, School of Medicine  Washington District of Columbia 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