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Lifestyle factors (non\u2010smoking, body mass index [BMI], physical activity, diet) were extracted post\u2010CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over a median of 31.6 years, 3275 (32.1%) developed CVD. At age 70, risk of dementia was higher in individuals with CVD onset before (hazard ratio [HR] of incident dementia for participants with CVD before age 60, using participants without CVD at age 70 as the reference: 1.56, 95% confidence interal [CI] 1.18\u20132.08) but not after 60 years. In participants with CVD, a greater number of lifestyle factors at recommended levels post\u2010CVD was associated with a lower dementia risk (per lifestyle factor at recommended level HR: 0.73, 95% CI 0.59\u20130.92).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that early onset CVD is associated with a higher dementia risk at older ages. In those with CVD, the dementia risk was lower if lifestyle factors are at recommended levels following CVD diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>CVD in midlife but not in late life is associated with a higher risk of dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Dementia risk in CVD patients is lower if their lifestyle factors are at recommended levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These findings provide evidence to promote CVD prevention in midlife or earlier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Study findings also show the importance of a healthy lifestyle in those with CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T20:01:59Z","timestamp":1702411319000},"page":"1693-1702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Age at cardiovascular disease onset, dementia risk, and the role of lifestyle factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"April C. 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