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Voxel\u2010wise analyses revealed significant associations between temporal lobe FTP change and EM decline in all groups. PiB and FTP change were not associated with structural change, suggesting a functional or microstructural mechanism linking these measures to cognitive decline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that longitudinal A\u03b2 is linked to cognitive decline only in the presence of elevated A\u03b2, but longitudinal temporal lobe tau is associated with memory decline regardless of A\u03b2 status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Entorhinal tau change was associated with memory decline in older adults (OA), regardless of amyloid beta (A\u03b2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Greater meta\u2010region of interest (ROI) tau change correlated with memory decline in A\u03b2+ OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Voxel\u2010wise temporal tau change correlated with memory decline, regardless of A\u03b2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Meta\u2010ROI tau and global amyloid change correlated with non\u2010memory change in A\u03b2+ OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Tau and amyloid accumulation were not associated with structural change in OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T06:59:46Z","timestamp":1707461986000},"page":"2526-2537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Tau accumulation and atrophy predict amyloid independent cognitive decline in aging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4156-1037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrina S.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of 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