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Despite the inherent genetic and phenotypic diversity in these diseases, GWAS research consistently exhibits a disproportionate emphasis on participants of European ancestry. This study reviews GWAS up to 2022, focusing on non\u2010European or multi\u2010ancestry neurodegeneration studies. We conducted a systematic review of GWAS results and publications up to 2022, focusing on non\u2010European or multi\u2010ancestry neurodegeneration studies. Rigorous article inclusion and quality assessment methods were employed. Of 123 neurodegenerative disease (NDD) GWAS reviewed, 82% predominantly featured European ancestry participants. A single European study identified over 90 risk loci, compared to a total of 50 novel loci in identified in all non\u2010European or multi\u2010ancestry studies. Notably, only six of the loci have been replicated. The significant under\u2010representation of non\u2010European ancestries in NDD GWAS hinders comprehensive genetic understanding. Prioritizing genomic diversity in future research is crucial for advancing NDD therapies and understanding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Eighty\u2010two percent of neurodegenerative genome\u2010wide association studies (GWAS) focus on Europeans.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Only 6 of 50 novel neurodegenerative disease (NDD) genetic loci have been replicated.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Lack of diversity significantly hampers understanding of NDDs.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Increasing diversity in NDD genetic research is urgently required.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>New initiatives are aiming to enhance diversity in NDD research.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T21:33:20Z","timestamp":1719005600000},"page":"5740-5756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Assessing the lack of diversity in genetics research across neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review of the GWAS Catalog and literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7049-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Jonson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"DataTecnica LLC  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics Graduate Program University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin S.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"DataTecnica LLC  Washington District of Columbia 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Aging Center Department of Neurology Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hampton L.","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"DataTecnica LLC  Washington District of Columbia USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics National Institutes on Aging National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  T\u00fcbingen 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