{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T07:54:40Z","timestamp":1793260480467,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood\u2010based biomarkers offer a promising approach for the detection of neuropathologies from repetitive head impacts (RHI). We evaluated plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, and inflammation in former football players.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample included 180 former football players and 60 asymptomatic, unexposed male participants (aged 45\u201374). Plasma assays were conducted for beta\u2010amyloid (A\u03b2) 40, A\u03b242, hyper\u2010phosphorylated tau (p\u2010tau) 181+231, total tau (t\u2010tau), neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), A\u03b242\/p\u2010tau181 and A\u03b242\/A\u03b240 ratios. We evaluated their ability to differentiate the groups and associations with RHI proxies and traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>P\u2010tau181 and p\u2010tau231(p<jats:sub>adj\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a00.016) were higher and A\u03b242\/p\u2010tau181 was lower(p<jats:sub>adj\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a00.004) in football players compared to controls. Discrimination accuracy for p\u2010tau was modest (area under the curve [AUC]\u00a0=\u00a00.742). Effects were not attributable to AD\u2010related pathology. Younger age of first exposure (AFE) correlated with higher NfL (p<jats:sub>adj\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a00.03) and GFAP (p<jats:sub>adj\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a00.033). Plasma GFAP was higher in TES\u2010chronic traumatic encephalopathy (TES\u2010CTE) Possible\/Probable (p<jats:sub>adj\u00a0<\/jats:sub>=\u00a00.008).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma p\u2010tau181 and p\u2010tau231, GFAP, and NfL may offer some usefulness for the characterization of RHI\u2010related neuropathologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Former football players had higher plasma p\u2010tau181 and p\u2010tau231 and lower A\u03b242\/ptau\u2010181 compared to asymptomatic, unexposed men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Younger age of first exposure was associated with increased plasma NfL and GFAP in older but not younger participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Plasma GFAP was higher in participants with TES\u2010CTE possible\/probable compared to TES\u2010CTE no\/suggestive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T06:48:39Z","timestamp":1727765319000},"page":"7529-7546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Examination of plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation in former elite American football players"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalise E.","family":"Miner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna R.","family":"Groh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yorghos","family":"Tripodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura J.","family":"Balcer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology Population Health and Ophthalmology NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Bernick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square  London UK"},{"name":"Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL  London UK"},{"name":"Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaj","family":"Blennow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Paris Brain Institute ICM Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital Sorbonne University Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital 47  Paris France"},{"name":"Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center Division of Life Sciences and Medicine and Department of Neurology Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC University of Science  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Peskind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Northwest Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Washington School of Medicine  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Ashton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"Gaudet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Service VA Boston Healthcare System  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center (BEDAC) Boston University School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center (BEDAC) Boston University School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry University of California  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William B.","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York City New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer V.","family":"Wethe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Cantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Dodick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas I.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Encompass Health Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital  Braintree Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzan","family":"van Amerongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer Center Amsterdam Neurology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurodegeneration  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chambers\u2010Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience Department of Brain Health School of Integrated Health Sciences University of Nevada Las Vegas  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha E.","family":"Shenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Reiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Banner Alzheimer's Institute University of Arizona Arizona State University Translational Genomics Research Institute and Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Neurobiology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Alosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University CTE Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Neurobiology Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0382-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39183-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.2244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-023-02540-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25611"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1515-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002923"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/proteomes10030026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011850"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12779"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000208030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-022-05963-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.4509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00928-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1900757"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2022.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00361-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.264279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02275-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01275-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2022.0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.750752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Repetitive head impact exposure and later\u2010life plasma total tau in former National Football League players","volume":"7","author":"Alosco ML","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1686-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1435-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00872-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01147-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01319-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7895\/ijadr.v5i2.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.021275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200803"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205013666160603005035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01315-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01093-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.4986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11223-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2013.00083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1026-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12502"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-023-00405-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01310-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03034-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-00976-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01358-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202217123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.4485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01795-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217750088"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.5319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.28644"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.14231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T14:37:02Z","timestamp":1759934222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alz.14231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alz.14231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.14231","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5260","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}