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In survival analyses, PiB PET showed robust prediction for cognitive decline. Impaired BSIT, impaired BIMCT, MRI, and FDG measures were also significant predictors. The combination of demographics + BSIT + BIMCT showed strong predictive utility (C\u2010index 0.81), similar to demographics + PiB PET (C\u2010index 0.80). Similar but stronger results were obtained for prediction of dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impairment in both odor identification test and global cognition was comparable to PiB PET for predicting cognitive decline and dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In 647 participants in the population\u2010based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, several clinical markers and biomarkers each predicted cognitive decline or dementia during an average 8 years of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The combination of the demographic variables of age, sex, and education with a brief odor identification test (BSIT) and a global cognitive test (Blessed Information Memory Concentration Test) showed strong predictive utility (C\u2010index 0.81) for cognitive decline that was similar to the demographic variables combined with Pittsburgh Compound B amyloid imaging (C\u2010index 0.80).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Combining a brief odor identification test with a brief cognitive test needs consideration as a simple, cost\u2010effective option in the clinical assessment of individuals at risk of cognitive decline and dementia, as well as a potential tool to identify individuals who may benefit from disease\u2010modifying treatments and to screen participants for prevention trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T10:44:48Z","timestamp":1728557088000},"page":"8346-8358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparison of brief olfactory and cognitive assessments to neuroimaging biomarkers in the prediction of cognitive decline and dementia in the MCSA cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Davangere P.","family":"Devanand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Columbia University  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Division of Geriatric Psychiatry New York State Psychiatric Institute  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonjoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mental Health Data Science New York State Psychiatric Institute  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Luchsinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology Columbia University  New York New York 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