{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T22:38:37Z","timestamp":1792363117166,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1\u2010NS126102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1\u2010NS126102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is increasingly being investigated as a promising potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the safety and preliminary clinical efficacy of TPS short pulses have been supported by neuropsychological scores in treated AD patients, its fundamental mechanisms are uncharted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herein, we used a multi\u2010modal preclinical imaging platform combining real\u2010time volumetric optoacoustic tomography, contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and ex vivo immunofluorescence to comprehensively analyze structural and hemodynamic effects induced by TPS. Cohorts of healthy and AD transgenic mice were imaged during and after TPS exposure at various per\u2010pulse energy levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TPS enhanced the microvascular network, whereas the blood\u2013brain barrier remained intact following the procedure. Notably, higher pulse energies were necessary to induce hemodynamic changes in AD mice, arguably due to their impacted vessels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings shed light on cerebrovascular dynamics induced by TPS treatment, and hence are expected to assist improving safety and therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) facilitates transcranial wave propagation using short pulses to avoid tissue heating.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Preclinical multi\u2010modal imaging combines real\u2010time volumetric optoacoustic (OA) tomography, contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE\u2010MRI), and ex vivo immunofluorescence to comprehensively analyze structural and hemodynamic effects induced by TPS.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Blood volume enhancement in microvascular networks was reproducibly observed with real\u2010time OA imaging during TPS stimulation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>CE\u2010MRI and gross pathology further confirmed that the brain architecture was maintained intact without blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) opening after TPS exposure, thus validating the safety of the procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Higher pulse energies were necessary to induce hemodynamic changes in AD compared to wild\u2010type animals, arguably due to their pathological vessels.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T07:04:31Z","timestamp":1736838271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Multimodal imaging of murine cerebrovascular dynamics induced by transcranial pulse stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8368-1360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Eleni","family":"Karakatsani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniil","family":"Nozdriukhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savannah","family":"Tiemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hikari A. I.","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Storz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storz Medical AG  Tagerwilen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Belau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Storz Medical AG  Tagerwilen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiqing","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich 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