{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:15:29Z","timestamp":1787170529211,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002283","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have shown promise in reducing amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels in neurons, but their effects in astrocytes, key contributors to neurodegenerative diseases, remain unclear. This study evaluates the efficacy of APP ASOs in astrocytes derived from an individual with Down syndrome (DS), a population at high risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from a healthy individual and an individual with DS were differentiated into astrocytes. Astrocytes were treated with APP ASOs for 10 days, and APP levels were quantified. Mitochondrial morphology and superoxide production in DS astrocytes were analyzed using super\u2010resolution and confocal microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>APP ASOs significantly reduced APP levels in astrocytes from both control and DS individuals. In DS astrocytes, treatment restored mitochondrial health, increasing mitochondrial number and size while reducing superoxide production.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>APP ASOs effectively reduce APP levels and improve mitochondrial health in astrocytes, suggesting their potential as a therapeutic approach for DS and DS\u2010related AD. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>APP ASOs reduce APP levels in human iPSC\u2010derived astrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>APP ASO treatment rescues mitochondrial phenotypes in trisomy 21 astrocytes.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This study supports ASOs as a potential therapy for Down syndrome\u2010related Alzheimer's disease.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T04:11:51Z","timestamp":1738123911000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["APP antisense oligonucleotides are effective in rescuing mitochondrial phenotypes in human iPSC\u2010derived trisomy 21 astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Srishruthi","family":"Thirumalai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick J.","family":"Livesey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Talisman Therapeutics Babraham Research Campus Cambridge UK"},{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rickie","family":"Patani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Stem Cells and Neurodegeneration Laboratory The Francis Crick Institute London UK"},{"name":"Department of Neuromuscular Diseases Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London Queen Square London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong"},{"name":"Human Stem Cells and Neurodegeneration Laboratory The Francis Crick Institute London UK"},{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children London 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