{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:59:40Z","timestamp":1791554380417,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether prescription opioid exposure, duration, and dose are associated with cognitive function remains inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal cohort among 3097 older adults with chronic pain and without dementia was conducted using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) linked to Medicare data from 2006 to 2020. Prescription opioid exposure, cumulative use for\u00a0\u2265\u00a090 days, and high\u2010dose use (\u2265 90 morphine milligram equivalents [MME] daily) were assessed biennially. Memory score and dementia probability were derived from HRS cognitive measures and analyzed using linear mixed\u2010effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adjusted memory decline and dementia probability were not statistically different between patients with (vs. without) opioid exposure and between patients with cumulative use for\u00a0\u2265\u00a090 days (vs.\u00a0&lt;\u00a090 days) but were higher between participants with high\u2010dose opioid use (vs. low\u2010dose) at the end of the follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prescription opioid exposure and duration were not associated, but high\u2010dose opioid use was associated with greater memory decline and dementia probability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Opioid use versus no use was not related to memory decline and dementia probability.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Long\u2010term opioid use was not related to memory decline and dementia probability.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>High\u2010dose opioid use was related to greater memory decline and dementia probability.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T04:21:40Z","timestamp":1740543700000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prescription opioid use and cognitive function in older adults with chronic pain: A population\u2010based longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8861-6907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Jung Jenny","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology College of Pharmacy The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almut G.","family":"Winterstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy College of Pharmacy University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Safety University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Colleges of Medicine and Public Health &amp; Health Professions University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Family Medicine College of Medicine University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger B.","family":"Fillingim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics College of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven T.","family":"DeKosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and McKnight Brain Institute University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.0306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg114"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.03923.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2833"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"MoriyaAS FangZ.Any Use and \u201cFrequent Use\u201d of Opioids among Elderly Adults in 2018\u20102019 by Socioeconomic Characteristics.Statistical Brief (Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (US));2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"MoriyaAS FangZ.Any Use and \u201cFrequent Use\u201d of Opioids among Adults Aged 65 and Older in 2020\u20102021 by Socioeconomic Characteristics.Statistical Brief (Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (US));2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse.Drug Overdose Death Rates. 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