{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:28:23Z","timestamp":1787869703709,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP7\u2010PEOPLE\u20102011\u2010IAPP\u2010286337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\u2010PEOPLE\u20102011\u2010IAPP\u2010286337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood biomarkers reflecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology can improve diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We applied top\u2010down proteomics to compare frontal lobe from 17 AD cases and 11 controls to blood platelets from a second independent study group of 124 AD patients, 61 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 168 controls. Findings were immunologically validated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty AD\u2010associated proteoforms were identified in frontal lobe, with 26 identically represented in platelets. Validation in platelet samples confirmed elevated glutathione S\u2010transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) levels linked to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4925 and increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) levels in AD. Bioinformatics revealed copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) as integral partners of these antioxidant enzymes. Both were detected to be reduced in frontal lobes and platelets in AD. SOD1 and CCS are already changed in MCI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>These four novel blood biomarkers, integrated with traditional AD biomarkers, may facilitate patient risk assessment and treatment, with SOD1 and CCS alterations in MCI offering early diagnostic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Platelets mirror several Alzheimer's disease (AD)\u2013dependent neuronal changes, valuable for blood tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>As a start, 60 AD\u2010associated frontal lobe proteins were identified by top\u2010down proteomics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Fifty percent of these 60 AD\u2010affected brain proteins are represented identically in platelets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Among these, glutathione S\u2010transferase omega 1 (GSTO1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) are identically AD related in brain and platelets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>SOD1 and its crucial activating partner CCS are altered in the platelets of patients with mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:35:53Z","timestamp":1743986153000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Platelets mirror changes in the frontal lobe antioxidant system in Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Huriye","family":"Ercan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna  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