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Linear and logistic regression were\u00a0applied to explore the associations between opioid use and dementia\u2010related neuroimaging and cognitive function outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regular opioid use was associated with a 20% higher risk of all\u2010cause dementia and a 49% higher risk of vascular dementia (VD) compared with those not using analgesics. Moreover, those using strong opioids had a 72% higher risk of all\u2010cause dementia and a 155% higher risk of VD. Strong opioid use was also linked to reductions in hippocampal, white matter, and total brain volumes. Lastly, regular opioid use was associated with lower fluid intelligence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A higher risk of dementia was observed among participants regularly using opioids, escalating with opioid strength.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Regular opioid use was associated with an increased risk of all\u2010cause dementia and VD.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Those using strong opioids had a much higher risk of all\u2010cause dementia and VD.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Strong opioid use was also associated with worse neuroimaging outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Regular opioid use was also associated with lower fluid intelligence.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:54:57Z","timestamp":1747720497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Regular use of opioids and dementia, cognitive measures, and neuroimaging outcomes among UK Biobank participants with chronic non\u2010cancer pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5282-6945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tengfei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jed A.","family":"Barash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Veterans Home  Chelsea Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computational Biology and Medical Big Data Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhirong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Department of Computational Biology and Medical Big Data Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Andrew","family":"Kofke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0966-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Department of Computational Biology and Medical Big Data Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinling","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Department of Computational Biology and Medical Big Data Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology  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