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This systematic review evaluated dementia risk factors among sub\u2010Saharan Africans, identifying significant genetic and environmental influences using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The ATP\u2010binding cassette subfamily A member 7 (<jats:italic>ABCA7<\/jats:italic>) gene, linked to dementia in African Americans, and unique genetic variants like those in A\u2010kinase anchor protein 9 (<jats:italic>AKAP9<\/jats:italic>) and cytidine deaminase (<jats:italic>CDA<\/jats:italic>) genes, emerge as potential contributors. Conversely, apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54 shows lesser impact in older sub\u2010Saharan Africans. Environmental findings highlight that exposure to air pollution, including nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter increases the likelihood of dementia. These findings highlight the role of genetic and environmental diversity in shaping dementia risk profiles. Strategies such as training health\u2010care professionals, enhancing funding for research, combating stigma through awareness campaigns, and fostering global collaborations are vital to ensure African representation in dementia studies. These efforts aim to improve the knowledge of dementia tailored to sub\u2010Saharan Africa's needs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The ATP\u2010binding cassette subfamily A member 7 (<jats:italic>ABCA7<\/jats:italic>) gene is strongly associated with dementia risk, particularly in African American populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Apolipoprotein E (<jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>) \u03b54, a well\u2010established risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in Western populations, has a lesser impact in older sub\u2010Saharan Africans, suggesting unique genetic\u2013environment interactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Exposure to air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter, significantly increases dementia risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The development of dementia in sub\u2010Saharan Africans is influenced by complex interactions between genetic predispositions and environmental exposures, emphasizing the need for tailored prevention strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T05:05:32Z","timestamp":1745816732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Genetic and environmental risk factors for dementia in African adults: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2923-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Mawutor","family":"Donkor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0338-8725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Marfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1173-1493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ansumana","family":"Bockarie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2448-2679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward Jenner","family":"Tettevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology School of Biological Science University of Ghana  Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5997-9829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxwell Hubert","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences Koforidua Technical University  Koforidua Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8940-3590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Dogah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5379-963X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George Nkrumah","family":"Osei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9194-3762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Larbi","family":"Simpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Organization WHO.Global status report on the public health response to dementia.World Health Organization;2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000002344"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2021.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2015. 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