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A\u03b2 deposition was assessed using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and three multi\u2010phase A\u03b2 deposition grading systems were established. Participants underwent neuropsychological testing, peripheral blood biomarker collection, and multimodal neuroimaging data acquisition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive function, peripheral blood biomarkers, default mode network (DMN) function, and hippocampal volumes showed stage\u2010dependent changes across different A\u03b2 deposition stages. Different grading systems revealed varying clinical manifestations and biomarker sensitivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Region\u2010based multi\u2010phase A\u03b2 deposition systems demonstrate practical utility in detecting early pathological changes, understanding disease progression, and informing early diagnosis and intervention strategies for AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Developed and validated visual multi\u2010phase A\u03b2 deposition staging systems for AD progression.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Revealed stage\u2010specific cognitive, neurodegenerative, and biomarker characteristics in AD.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Demonstrated the sensitivity of visual methods to detect early, regional A\u03b2 deposition.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Highlighted differential strengths of Villeneuve, Grothe, and Mattsson staging systems.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Proposed multi\u2010phase systems as tools for personalized AD diagnosis and intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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