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We used neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to assess such early microstructural change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cognitively unimpaired (CU,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0725) and mildly cognitively impaired (MCI,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0111) participants from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including NODDI and neuropsychological evaluation for calculation of memory\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      scores. Linear mixed effects modelling assessed the relationship between temporal cortical Neurite Density Index (NDI), Orientation Dispersion Index (ODI), and both baseline and mean annual change in memory\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NDI was significantly associated with both baseline memory\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      scores and mean annual change of memory\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      scores, in the hippocampi and amygdalae. Similar significant associations with ODI were seen in hippocampi, parahippocampal, and fusiform gyri.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Temporal cortical NDI and ODI are early imaging biomarkers of cortical microstructural integrity that may predict memory decline in CU and MCI individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We imaged 836 participants in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, who were either cognitively unimpaired (CU) or suffered from mild cognitive impairment (MCI).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is an advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We found significant associations between new NODDI imaging biomarkers of microstructural integrity and memory function in CU and MCI individuals<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>These relationships were both cross\u2010sectional in nature and associated with future memory decline<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Future application of NODDI imaging biomarkers in the setting of anti\u2010amyloid monoclonal antibody therapy may provide greater insight into memory decline than current cortical atrophy measures.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T11:11:14Z","timestamp":1749726674000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Associations between temporal lobe cortical NODDI measures and memory function in individuals without clinical dementia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8306-7192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay J.","family":"Pillai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert I.","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota 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