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There is a pressing need to plan for this emerging challenge, particularly in the context of existing health and social disparities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work emerged from a pan\u2010African collaboration, including discussions at the Brain Ageing and Dementia in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries conference held in Nairobi in 2024, where stakeholders identified regional priorities for DS and dementia care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Limited epidemiological, cognitive, biomarker data, delayed diagnoses, and gaps in specialized services may impact access to care. However, innovative solutions, such as mobile biomarker sampling and culturally adapted cognitive assessments, offer promising strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Integrating global advances in DSAD research with Africa's strengths in community\u2010based care offers opportunities. By prioritizing research, capacity building, and health system integration, this work advocates for the inclusion of DS in Africa's dementia strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Projected increases in life expectancy for individuals with Down syndrome (DS) in Africa will lead to a substantial rise in DS\u2010associated Alzheimer's disease (DSAD), necessitating urgent planning and response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>There is a critical lack of epidemiological, cognitive, and biomarker data on adults with DS in Africa, hindering accurate diagnosis, care planning, and inclusion in global research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Innovative, scalable solutions\u2014such as mobile biomarker sampling and culturally adapted cognitive assessments\u2014offer an opportunity to integrate scientific advances with Africa's strengths in community\u2010based care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Investment in research and capacity building is essential to address current gaps, reduce disparities, and ensure equitable access to emerging diagnostics and treatments for DSAD across the continent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T01:10:32Z","timestamp":1750381832000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Down syndrome in Africa: Challenges, opportunities, and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8548-220X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eimear","family":"McGlinchey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"},{"name":"Trinity Centre for Ageing and Intellectual Disability Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salina","family":"Tewolde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Fortea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau \u2010 Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau Carrer de Sant Quint\u00ed  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Carrer de Sant Quint\u00ed  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Down Medical Center Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana S\u00edndrome de Down, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingani","family":"Mbakile\u2010Mahlanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"},{"name":"Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayda","family":"Tefera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Epenge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine Protestant University of Congo  Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Hassenstab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and of Psychological &amp; Brain Sciences Washington University in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"J\u00e4ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology LMU University Hospital  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology LMU University Hospital, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Together For Ghana e.V.  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