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The area occupied by AT8 and 6E10 immunolabeling, representing tangle and plaque loads, respectively, was used for segmented linear regression analyses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n There was elevated neuropathology after age 35 in DSAD, with inflection points at \u223c31 years (amyloid\u2010\u03b2 [A\u03b2]) and \u223c28 (phosphorylated tau [p\u2010tau]) in the frontal cortex and \u223c36 years (both A\u03b2 and p\u2010tau) in the occipital cortex. Occipital p\u2010tau was higher in women relative to men with DS. A\u03b2 and p\u2010tau pathology were correlated in women with DS but not in men with DS in the occipital cortex.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n Women with DS may show a more advanced stage of tau pathology relative to men with DS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Highlights<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Amyloid\u2010\u03b2 (A\u03b2) and phosphorylated tau (p\u2010tau) Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology emerge after 30 years of age in the frontal cortex, followed 7 years later by pathology in the occipital cortex in Down syndrome (DS).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Women with DS show a more rapid progression of AD neuropathology seen by trends in higher p\u2010tau relative to men, despite similar levels of A\u03b2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Women with DS show a stronger association between A\u03b2 and tau in the occipital but not frontal cortex relative to men with DS, independent of age.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T11:00:18Z","timestamp":1752750018000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Age and sex are associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 1111 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility University of California Irvine Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phong T.","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 1111 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility University of California Irvine Irvine California 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