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We assessed volumes of subcortical structures on magnetic resonance imaging and determined 5\u2010year dementia risk using Cox models.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 7076 participants (mean age: 66\u201369 years, 58.8%\u201361.0% women;\n N<\/jats:italic>\n SCC<\/jats:sub>\n \u00a0=\u00a05425,\n N<\/jats:italic>\n MCI<\/jats:sub>\n \u00a0=\u00a01661), 622 developed dementia within 5 years. Smaller volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala were consistently associated with increased dementia risk, independent of other subcortical structures. Smaller hippocampal volume was predominantly associated with the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but the prognostic value did not differ by amyloid status.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n Hippocampal and amygdalar volume are consistently associated with dementia risk in individuals with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment, which may hold potential for personalized prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Highlights<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Seven thousand seventy\u2010six participants from three large longitudinal cohorts were followed for a maximum of 5 years.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Hippocampal volume is associated with 5\u2010year risk of dementia in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Amygdalar volume is associated with a 5\u2010year risk of dementia in SCD or MCI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Stratifying by SCD and MCI revealed no consistent major differences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T13:44:46Z","timestamp":1752068686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Subcortical gray matter volumes and 5\u2010year dementia risk in individuals with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment: A multi\u2010cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8416-0138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathijs T.","family":"Rosbergen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and Alzheimer Centre Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"van der Veere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Amsterdam Zuidoost the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUMC Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline J.","family":"Claus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and Alzheimer Centre Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tavia E.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and Alzheimer Centre Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus MC \u2013 University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Venkatraghavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Amsterdam Zuidoost the Netherlands"},{"name":"Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUMC Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik","family":"Barkhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Argonde C.","family":"van Harten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUMC Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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