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We assessed associations between NPS and neuropathologic features in dementia patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Logistic regression analyses estimated associations between neuropathologic lesions and retroactively assigned NPS phenotypes (early and late psychosis [EPS, LPS], early and late affective symptoms [EAS, LAS]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EPS was associated with Lewy body (odds ratio [OR]\u00a0=\u00a02.4,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and white matter (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) pathology. LPS was associated with moderate\/severe neurofibrillary tangles (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.8,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), moderate\/frequent neuritic plaques (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.3,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), Lewy bodies (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). EAS was associated with white matter injury (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.4,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001); EAS and LAS were associated with moderate\/severe neurofibrillary tangles (ORs\u00a0=\u00a01.7, 1.9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.005). Risk for EPS, LPS, and EAS increased with total neuropathologic burden.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NPS subtypes are differentially associated with AD\/non\u2010AD neuropathologic features, suggesting that efficiency of interventional targets may depend upon timing and type of NPS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Timing\/nature of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) had distinct associations with brain autopsy findings in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Increased odds for psychosis symptoms was associated with both Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) and Lewy body dementia (LBD).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Late psychosis symptoms (PS) was most strongly associated with ADNC, early PS most strongly with LBD.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Early PS and affective symptoms were both associated with white matter disease.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:51:02Z","timestamp":1758718262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Neuropsychiatric symptom subtypes and dementia\u2010associated neuropathologic change"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Brenna A.","family":"Cholerton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary W.","family":"Beecham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Reitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa N.","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Alpert Medical School of Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cuccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine  Miami Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology &amp; Behavioral Sciences University 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