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We administered a decision\u2010making task measuring patients\u2019 harm aversion by offering options to shock themselves or another person in exchange for money, hypothesizing that task performance would relate to antisocial behaviors and ventromedial\/orbitofrontal cortex (vmPFC\/OFC) atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 43 dementia patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a023 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia [bvFTD],\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a020 Alzheimer's disease [AD]), we used linear regressions to measure relationships between harm aversion and antisocial behavior, psychopathic personality traits, socioemotional functions, and vmPFC\/OFC cortical thickness, controlling for age, sex, and cognitive dysfunction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BvFTD patients demonstrated reduced aversion to harming others and themselves versus AD patients. Reduced aversion to harming others was associated with non\u2010aggressive antisocial behaviors, psychopathic personality traits, impaired empathic concern, impaired perspective taking, and right vmPFC\/OFC atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes to harm aversion are associated with right frontopolar atrophy and rule\u2010breaking criminal behavior in dementia patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia demonstrate reduced aversion to harming others compared to patients with AD.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Reduced aversion to harming others was associated with non\u2010aggressive behavioral changes, psychopathic personality traits, impaired empathic concern, and impaired perspective taking.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Reduced aversion to harming others was associated with atrophy in the right vmPFC and OFC, specifically in medial Brodmann area 10.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T04:34:13Z","timestamp":1757392453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reduced harm aversion relates to antisocial behaviors and orbitofrontal atrophy in dementia patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4594-7284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony X.","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayden J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenifer Z.","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Jerome L. Greene Science Center Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Psychology Building University of California  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerica E.","family":"Reeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Vandekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ciaran M.","family":"Considine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Zald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Human Brain Imaging Research Rutgers University  Piscataway New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Ryan","family":"Darby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee 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