{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:01:16Z","timestamp":1791900076716,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1AG054409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1AG054409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24NS130411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24NS130411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates the impact of cardiometabolic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity, on the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cohort included adults \u2265 50 years old with MCI and a cardiometabolic condition identified through electronic health records. Propensity score matching was applied to control for confounders, and Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis was used to assess time\u2010to\u2010event outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During a 7\u2010year median follow\u2010up, type 2 diabetes was associated with the highest risk of all\u2010cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 to 1.31), followed by hypertension and hyperlipidemia. For vascular dementia, type 2 diabetes conferred the greatest risk (HR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.64). Hyperlipidemia was the sole cardiometabolic factor significantly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk (HR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.32).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hyperlipidemia is primarily associated with AD dementia risk, while type 2 diabetes is the major contributor to vascular dementia and all\u2010cause risk in individuals with MCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are associated with a high risk of developing all\u2010cause dementia in participants already diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes was shown to pose a high risk for the progression from MCI to vascular dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Hyperlipidemia was associated with Alzheimer's disease progression in individuals with MCI.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T11:35:57Z","timestamp":1757936157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Impact of cardiometabolic conditions on the progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia: A large cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7374-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippos","family":"Anagnostakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL) Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics (AI2D) Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of AI and Biomedical Science (LABS) Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michail","family":"Kokkorakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Asvestis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias","family":"Papadimopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alma Mater Studiorum\u2010Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shrihari","family":"Nagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Talbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery Pathology and Human Anatomy, and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine  Loma Linda California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence (CHASE) University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"The Graduate Group in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics (DBEI), the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya M.","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL) Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics (AI2D) Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of AI and Biomedical Science (LABS) Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Davatzikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL) Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics (AI2D) Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31363-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0386-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60221-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0480-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155689"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.123.001045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00355-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00397-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.123.001087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.156047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30185-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01296-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00117-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01296-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"S158","article-title":"9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: standards of care in diabetes\u20102024","volume":"47","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"e1082","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA Guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Grundy SM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000521547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.41505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12050941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230452"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651984000400008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-012-0307-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-215091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-00413-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14070878"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027313"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/ds16-0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.4001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.06.2637"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-024-00662-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.33353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000055"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","first-page":"S27","article-title":"2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes\u20102025","volume":"48","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59964-z"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.70692","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/alz.70692","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/alz.70692","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T11:10:08Z","timestamp":1771153808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/alz.70692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/alz.70692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.70692","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-5260","1552-5279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-5260","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70692"}}