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The outcome was the change in the average\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      score of the neuropsychological tests over 18 months. Interaction effects between the intervention and the presence of untreated or uncontrolled VRFs were assessed using a mixed\u2010effects model for repeated measures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the participants, 298 had at least one untreated or uncontrolled VRF. Significant intervention and VRF interaction (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.032) indicated significant cognitive benefits in individuals with VRFs (\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      score difference: 0.11; 95% confidence interval: 0.02\u22120.20), unlike in those without VRFs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with untreated or uncontrolled VRFs may derive greater cognitive benefits from multidomain interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This trial was registered with the UMIN\u2010CTR (UMIN000038671).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We examined whether untreated or uncontrolled vascular risk factors (VRFs) modified the intervention effect.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>A significant interaction was found between the multidomain intervention and VRFs.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The intervention was effective in individuals with untreated or uncontrolled VRFs.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Beneficial effects on systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Beneficial effects on high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were noted.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T12:01:02Z","timestamp":1762948862000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficacy of a multidomain intervention in older adults with vascular risks: The Japan\u2010Multimodal Intervention Trial for the Prevention of Dementia (J\u2010MINT)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6418-0755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiki","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4860-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5675-368X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoko","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayaka","family":"Onoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Noma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Statistical Mathematics The Institute of Statistical Mathematics  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6747-8680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidenori","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu 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