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Few studies have examined markers of BBB integrity and their interactions with AD risk factors on multi\u2010domain cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>83 older adults without dementia underwent lumbar puncture, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping, and neuropsychological testing with up to 5 years of follow\u2010up. Soluble platelet\u2010derived growth factor receptor beta (sPDGFR\u03b2) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher baseline sPDGFR\u03b2 was associated with better cross\u2010sectional attention, visuospatial, and executive functioning, but with steeper longitudinal decline in executive function. When considering AD risk status, higher sPDGFR\u03b2 was associated with faster longitudinal decline in all cognitive domains in biomarker\u2010positive relative to biomarker\u2010negative individuals and in language in APOE \u025b4\u2010positive relative to \u025b4\u2010negative individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated sPDGFR\u03b2 may increase risk of cognitive decline, particularly in individuals with a higher risk for AD. Future studies should explore mechanisms that contribute to these relationships.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble platelet\u2010derived growth factor receptor beta (sPDGFR\u03b2) is a promising marker of blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Higher sPDGFR\u03b2 was cross\u2010sectionally associated with better cognition at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Higher sPDGFR\u03b2 was longitudinally associated with steeper decline in cognition, particularly among amyloid beta (A\u03b2) 42\/A\u03b240+ individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>CSF concentration of sPDGFR\u03b2 may predict cognitive decline in those with increased dementia risk.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T11:24:31Z","timestamp":1762860271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Interactive effects of blood\u2013brain barrier breakdown and Alzheimer's disease biomarker status on cognitive decline in older adults without 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