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Among individuals with DM, 59 were with AD and 36 were without. Among NDM, 63 were with AD and 33 were without. In a differential expression analysis, muscle phosphorylated seryl\u2010tRNA synthetase 2 (SARS2)\u2010S126 was significantly expressed in pathologic AD, whereas relative abundance of serum alpha\u20102\u2010HS\u2010glycoprotein (AHSG)\u2010S346 and insulin\u2010like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2)\u2010S142 showed marginal expression for AD within the DM strata.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elucidating central and peripheral proteome crosstalk is valuable for uncovering potential AD biomarkers in accessible (peripheral) biospecimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We profiled peptides\u00a0in brain, muscle, and serum biosamples.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The study design allowed discovery of diabetes\u2010associated peptides in Alzheimer's disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Strong brain\u2013muscle, but weaker brain\u2013serum peptide correlations were identified.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Muscle seryl\u2010tRNA synthetase 2\u2010S126 was linked to AD pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Serum insulin\u2010like growth factor binding protein 2\u2010S142 and alpha\u20102\u2010HS\u2010glycoprotein\u2010S346 were linked to AD in persons with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:05:19Z","timestamp":1768467919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain\u2010peripheral proteome crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease with and without diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Anat","family":"Yaskolka Meir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts 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