{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:45:16Z","timestamp":1785930316873,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG052132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG052132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG050782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG050782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Volunteering is linked to cognitive benefits in aging, but evidence in diverse populations is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We examined volunteering and cognition in Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences Study\/Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans participants (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02789) with unimpaired cognition at baseline. Volunteering and frequency of volunteering in the past year at baseline were self\u2010reported, and cognition (executive function [EF], verbal episodic memory [VEM]) was assessed with the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scale across 4 waves (range of follow\u2010up: 2\u20136 years). Linear mixed\u2010effect models adjusted for demographics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were 73.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.8 years on average; 62% women; 45% Black, 21% White, 18% Asian, and 17% Hispanic\/Latin(x); and 47% reported volunteering. Volunteers had higher baseline EF and VEM than non\u2010volunteers, with the largest gains among those volunteering a few times per week. Volunteering was not associated with rates of cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Volunteering was associated with better baseline cognition but not slower decline, suggesting immediate cognitive benefits for racially and ethnically diverse older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences Study and Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans are a racially\/ethnically diverse cohort (18% Asian, 47% Black, 17% Latin[x], 21% White) reporting volunteering within 12 months prior to baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Late\u2010life (55+ years) volunteering is associated with better executive function (\n                            <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                            \u00a0=\u00a00.173, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.114\u20130.232) and verbal episodic memory (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a00.132, 95% CI: 0.071\u20130.192) after adjusting for age, gender\/sex, education, race\/ethnicity, instrumental activities of daily living, and self\u2010rated health.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Volunteering in late life, a few times per week, is associated with the highest magnitude of executive function (\n                            <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                            \u00a0=\u00a00.216, 95% CI: 0.128\u20130.305) and once per week with verbal episodic memory (\n                            <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                            \u00a0=\u00a00.189, 95% CI: 0.082\u20130.297) versus no volunteering, but the magnitude did not increase with more frequent volunteering.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Those who volunteered had similar domain\u2010specific cognitive decline compared to those who did not.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T12:16:33Z","timestamp":1769602593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of volunteering on cognition and cognitive decline in older diverse cohorts: KHANDLE and STAR"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6598-9468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Lor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary","family":"Colbeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Chanti\u2010Ketterl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Hokett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine University of California Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zvinka Z.","family":"Zlatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy X.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirmalbhai","family":"Tandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Gilsanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Rose","family":"Mayeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology UCLA Fielding School of Public Health Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Whitmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California  Davis California 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