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However, how sex modulates the interaction between CSVD and AD\u2010associated proteinopathies in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred fifty\u2010two autopsy cases from the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were included. Deep\u2010learning and semiquantitative scores were applied to MTL histological sections to obtain quantitative measures of proteinopathies and CSVD (cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] and arteriolosclerosis). The effect of sex on AD\u2010associated proteinopathies and the interaction between sex, CSVD, and apolipoprotein E (\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) genotype were analyzed using linear mixed\u2010effect models.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In women, higher CAA burden was associated with lower amyloid beta (A\u03b2) plaques but higher tau tangles density. No interaction effect was found for arteriolosclerosis. Women\u00a0&lt;75 years of age carrying the\n                      <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 allele had higher A\u03b2 plaque burden than \u03b54 non\u2010carriers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results highlight the complex effect of sex on microvascular and AD\u2010associated pathologies in the MTL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T10:29:33Z","timestamp":1773484173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>APOE<\/i>\n                    \u2010mediated sex differences in microvascular pathology and AD\u2010associated proteinopathies in the medial temporal lobe"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1725-1175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Bax","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center Department of Neurology Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Clinical Neurology Unit Department of Head, Neck and Neurosciences Udine University Hospital  Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Oltmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BetterDoc GmbH  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne A.","family":"Auger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bonkhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center Department of Neurology Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian T.","family":"Coughlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Melloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology Neuropathology Service Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Methasit","family":"Jaisa\u2010Aad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Augustinack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Serrano\u2010Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Frosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology Neuropathology Service Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. 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