{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T10:01:59Z","timestamp":1780048919669,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp;amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention trials have multiple steps to identify cognitively unimpaired individuals with AD biomarker evidence. Cognitive\/functional screening tests may be biased in ethnoracial minorities, impacting trial eligibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 6669 participants screened for the Anti\u2010Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) study were grouped by ethnoracial background and testing language. Ethnoracial\/language differences in ineligibility reason, cognitive\/functional test performance, and amyloid positivity rates were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethnoracial minorities were least likely to meet eligibility criteria. Patterns of incorrect Mini\u2010Mental State Examination items and impaired Clinical Dementia Rating functional domains differed between ethnoracial\/language groups, suggesting potential test biases. The Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test yielded more similar exclusion rates across groups than Logical Memory. Cognitive\/functional screening biases may impact subsequent biomarker screening as amyloid positivity rates were lowest in ethnoracial minorities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biases in cognitive\/functional screening tests may be contributing to disproportionate exclusion of ethnoracial minorities in AD clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T17:45:41Z","timestamp":1772991941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive screening biases in a secondary prevention Alzheimer's disease clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8971-7781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isha","family":"Sai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Grill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders University of California Irvine  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of California Irvine  Orange California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of California Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyan","family":"Younes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph R.","family":"Winer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karly A.","family":"Cody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reisa","family":"Sperling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Mormino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9535-2137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina B.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of California Davis  Sacramento California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California Davis  Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Medications for Memory Cognition & Dementia\u2010Related Behaviors | alz.org. 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