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However, the mechanisms underlying CR in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMICs) remain underexplored. This study investigated the latent structure of CR using socioeconomic and occupational indicators, and evaluated whether CR categories are associated with cognitive trajectories over 8 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the ELSA\u2010Brasil study, we derived a CR construct via principal component analysis from five indicators: education, occupational social class, occupational nature, technological stratum of work, and leisure\u2010time physical activity. Memory, verbal fluency, and executive functioning were assessed at three waves; longitudinal trajectories were analyzed using mixed\u2010models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with higher CR exhibited significantly slower age\u2010related cognitive decline across multiple domains, after controlling for demographic and health covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a middle\u2010income country with strong socioeconomic inequalities, early\u2010life socioeconomic conditions were key determinants of CR development, contributing to disparities in late\u2010life cognitive aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  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