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Spatial transcriptomics of brain tissue samples was used to identify brain\u2010infiltrating immune cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirteen genes were associated with AD risk. Expression of\n                      <jats:italic>BIN1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>CTSW<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>CTSH<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DRB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>TSTD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>PLEKHA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>SCIMP<\/jats:italic>\n                      increased AD risk, while\n                      <jats:italic>EPHA1\u2010AS1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>FCER1G<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>FIBP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>KAT8<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>STX4<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      reduced it. These associations were peripheral immune cell type and state specific.\n                      <jats:italic>PLEKHA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>TSTD1<\/jats:italic>\n                      were upregulated and\n                      <jats:italic>FIBP<\/jats:italic>\n                      downregulated in natural killer and T cells in AD brain tissue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings link immune cell\u2010specific gene expression to AD risk across activation states and within brain\u2010infiltrating immune cells, highlighting potential targets for immune\u2010based AD prevention and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  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