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FW was correlated with perivascular spaces (PVSs) and diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI\u2010ALPS) index. FW was also correlated with clinical scales, gray matter volume, and glucose metabolism. Additionally, FW was correlated with plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and total tau. Mediation analyses showed that FW mediated the association between PVS and ALPS, and brain neurodegeneration mediated the association between FW and clinical scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated FW is involved in bvFTD and contributes to glymphatic dysfunction and neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T03:44:27Z","timestamp":1774237467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Free water changes and their correlations with multimodal biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital 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