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Polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses were conducted in 229 opioid\u2010na\u00efve Lifebrain consortium participants with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OUD was associated with increased risk of all\u2010cause dementia (hazard ratio\u00a0=\u00a01.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39 to 1.76), Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. MR supported a potential causal link between genetic liability to OUD and dementia (inverse variance weighted odds ratio\u00a0=\u00a01.77, 95% CI: 1.43 to 2.19). Genetic variation in the \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor gene was also associated with dementia risk. No PRS associations were found with brain structure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest a potential causal role for OUD in dementia, implicating \u03bc\u2010opioid receptor pathways in neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T11:01:02Z","timestamp":1779447662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Opioid use disorder and dementia risk: evidence from observational and genetic analyses in diverse ancestry cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Javidnia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging University of Oxford  London 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Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry R.","family":"Kranzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e9ne Toin\u00e9t","family":"Cronj\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biostatistics Unit, 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