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This distinction is critical to disentangle in resource\u2010constrained low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, where resource prioritization requires context\u2010specific evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional analysis of 660 adults with dementia\/mild cognitive impairment from the Egyptian Dementia Network registry (2022 to 2025). Parallel logistic\/linear regression models identified factors associated with dementia status versus continuous Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, comparing determinants across outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of participants was 68 years, 51% were male, and 81% had a primary education. Multivariable models showed only college education (odds ratio [OR] 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10 to 0.86) and social inactivity (OR 3.00, 95% CI: 1.27 to 7.08) associated with dementia status. Eight factors (age, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, family history, apolipoprotein \u03b54, body mass index, and sex; all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) strongly predicted MMSE but not diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia diagnosis and cognitive performance show mechanistically distinct cross\u2010sectional associations. LMICs should prioritize education\/social engagement for dementia prevention, framing vascular\u2010metabolic management as cognitive maintenance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T09:40:02Z","timestamp":1780479602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcome\u2010specific risk factors challenge universal dementia prevention priorities: Findings from the Egyptian Dementia Network Registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0798-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimaa A.","family":"Heikal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology The American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M.","family":"Khedr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Department Assiut University  Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gharib","family":"Fawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine Sohag University  Sohag Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology The American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesma G.","family":"Elsheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba M.","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hany I.","family":"Hassanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"ElFarrash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University, and Medical Experimental Research Centre (MERC)  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing Beni\u2010Suef University  Beni\u2010Suef Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine Beni\u2010Suef University  Beni\u2010Suef Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Qayaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Beni\u2010Suef Health Insurance Hospital  Beni\u2010Suef Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology The American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology The American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Dementia.2025; published online March. 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