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We addressed this critical gap in this systematic review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four databases were searched in March 2025 for studies of neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), amyloid beta (A\u03b2), tau, and placental growth factor (PlGF) in relation to post\u2010stroke cognitive outcomes. Risk of bias, narrative synthesis, and meta\u2010analysis were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighteen studies were included, eleven assessing NfL. Meta\u2010analysis of four studies (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a02020) showed higher acute NfL was associated with worse cognition at 1\u20136 months (\n                      <jats:italic>Z\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a0\u22120.518, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u22120.684 to \u22120.351). Baseline GFAP was associated with worse cognition longitudinally, whereas results for amyloid and tau species were inconsistent between studies. Risk of bias was high.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NfL and GFAP show the most consistent associations with post\u2010stroke cognition, particularly acutely. Evidence for amyloid and tau was inconsistent between studies, and PlGF remains unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:01:17Z","timestamp":1783396877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dementia blood biomarkers in the context of post\u2010stroke cognitive outcomes: Systematic review and evidence synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Hing Tim","family":"Fung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial 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