{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:03:27Z","timestamp":1790334207930,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1AG088005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1AG088005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continued workforce participation may preserve later\u2010life cognition, yet many Americans face job insecurity and instability in later life, with potential consequences for cognitive aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol data (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02418), we applied gender\u2010stratified sequence analyses to identify clusters of combined employment and job insecurity trajectories (1998 to 2014). We estimated associations with domain\u2010specific cognitive scores and impairment status in 2016 using weighted, multivariable\u2010adjusted regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six clusters were identified separately for women and men. Among women, self\u2010employed, early retirement, not in labor force, and secure\u2010to\u2010retirement trajectories were significantly associated with lower memory and executive function scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      range\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.13 to \u22120.32 standard deviation units) compared to secure employment. Among men, inconsistent employment was associated with poorer performance across most cognitive domains compared to secure employment. Employment instability and early retirement were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment among women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results underscore employment security as a potential protective factor for cognitive aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.71863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:06:35Z","timestamp":1790147195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trajectories of late\u2010life job insecurity and labor force participation: Associations with cognitive function and impairment in the Health and Retirement Study's harmonized cognitive assessment protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-2512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika T.","family":"Beidelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert N. 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Butler Columbia Aging Center Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Sociomedical Sciences Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.15017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2024.1458553"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.24.1.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010017\u20100347\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2010.519125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.957308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4679"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NRR.S115625"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"JOB INSECURITY AND WELL\u2010BEING IN RICH DEMOCRACIES","volume":"49","author":"Kalleberg AL","year":"2018","journal-title":"Econ Soc Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/63.1.S15"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Older workers, precarious jobs, and unemployment: challenges and policy recommendations","volume":"43","author":"Van Horn CE","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gener J Am Soc Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.7060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010025\u201009617\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2015.1004629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbw043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010017\u20108571\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.20160995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524\u2010020\u201000887\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433\u2010023\u201000751\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu067"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000503004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.3543"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaf065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/soae097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbr048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v040.i04"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","unstructured":"MaechlerM RousseeuwP HubertM HornikK.cluster: cluster analysis basics and Extensions. 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