{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T20:50:27Z","timestamp":1784321427204,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["This research was funded by the project 97\u201001\u201001\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["This research was funded by the project 97\u201001\u201001\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few investigations of genotype II of <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii,<\/jats:italic> the most prevalent form of the <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> parasite in humans, have been carried out on due to the rapid conversion of tachyzoites to bradyzoites in its life cycle. The current study aimed to create animal and in vitro models for production of the tachyzoites of the Prugniaud (PRU) genotype II strain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop an immunocompromised model and obtain tachyzoites of the PRU strain, BALB\/c mice were orally treated with dexamethasone (10\u00a0mg\/kg), cyclophosphamide (36\u00a0mg\/kg), and cyclosporine (18\u00a0mg\/kg) from 5\u00a0days prior to inoculation. Then, 10\u201015 tissue cysts of PRU strain were inoculated intraperitoneally into the mice. The tachyzoites obtained from mice were then cultivated in a HeLa cell culture. The resulting yield of tachyzoites was cryopreserved in 92% fetal calf serum, 8% dimethyl sulfoxide. The infectivity of these tachyzoites was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro examinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous tachyzoites were observed in the peritoneal fluid of the immunosuppressed mice within 10\u201015\u00a0days after inoculation, and many tachyzoites were harvested from the HeLa cell culture. Trypan Blue staining showed 80% viability of the tachyzoites recovered from cryopreservation and this was confirmed by HeLa cell culture. In addition, mice infected intraperitoneally with the recovered tachyzoites presented with cysts in the brain after 2\u00a0months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have developed an animal model for mass production of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> tachyzoites of the PRU strain. This method can provide fresh viable tachyzoites of <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> for use as and when required in future investigations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T17:21:07Z","timestamp":1622827267000},"page":"278-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Introduction of protocols for mass production of <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> tachyzoites of the genotype II PRU strain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-2522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Saleh","family":"Bahreini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz 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