{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T07:35:29Z","timestamp":1782891329229,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liqoseal consists of a watertight layer of poly(ester)ether urethane and an adhesive layer containing polyethylene glycol\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010hydroxysuccinimide (PEG\u2010NHS). It is designed to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage after intradural surgery. This study assessed the safety and biodegradability of Liqoseal in a porcine craniotomy model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 32 pigs a craniotomy plus durotomy was performed. In 15 pigs Liqoseal was implanted, in 11 control pigs no sealant was implanted and in 6 control pigs a control dural sealant (Duraseal or Tachosil) was implanted. The safety of Liqoseal was evaluated by clinical, MRI and histological assessment. The degradation of Liqoseal was histologically estimated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liqoseal, 2\u00a0mm thick before application, did not swell and significantly was at maximum mean thickness of 2.14 (\u00b10.37) mm at one month. The foreign body reaction induced by Liqoseal, Duraseal and Tachosil were comparable. Liqoseal showed no adherence to the arachnoid layer and was completely resorbed between 6 and 12\u00a0months postoperatively. In one animal with Liqoseal, an epidural fluid collection containing CSF could not be excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liqoseal seems to be safe for intracranial use and is biodegradable. The safety and performance in humans needs to be further assessed in clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T13:31:36Z","timestamp":1640093496000},"page":"398-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Safety and biodegradability of a synthetic dural sealant patch (Liqoseal) in a porcine cranial model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6098-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Kinaci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Technology Institute Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelmina","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sander","family":"van Thoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Technology Institute Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia","family":"Redegeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Technology Institute Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"van der Zwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Brain Technology Institute Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan P. 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