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Therefore, serious security issues have emerged globally, and there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on radiological prevention and medical countermeasures. Radioprotective drugs are particularly important components of emergency medical preparedness strategies for the clinical management of IR\u2010induced injuries. However, a few drugs have been approved to date to treat such injuries, and the related mechanisms are not entirely understood. Thus, the aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of the World Health Organization's updated list of essential medicines for 2023 for the proper management of national stockpiles and the treatment of radiological emergencies. This review also discusses the types of radiation\u2010induced health injuries and the related mechanisms, as well as the development of various radioprotective agents, including Chinese herbal medicines, for which significant survival benefits have been demonstrated in animal models of acute radiation syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T06:44:51Z","timestamp":1693291491000},"page":"329-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Development of radiation countermeasure agents for acute radiation syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2553-1716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bowen","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative 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