{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:47:24Z","timestamp":1787986044948,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013880","name":"Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Arthrofibrosis is a joint disorder characterized by excessive scar formation in the joint tissues. Vitamin E is an antioxidant with potential anti\u2010fibroblastic effect. The aim of this study was to establish an arthrofibrosis rat model after joint replacement and assess the effects of vitamin E supplementation on joint fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We simulated knee replacement in 16 male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats. We immobilized the surgical leg with a suture in full flexion. The control groups were killed at 2 and 12\u2009weeks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095 per group), and the test group was supplemented daily with vitamin E (0.2\u2009mg\/mL) in their drinking water for 12\u2009weeks (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096). We performed histological staining to investigate the presence and severity of arthrofibrosis. Immunofluorescent staining and \u03b12\u2010macroglobulin (\u03b12M) enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to assess local and systemic inflammation. Static weight bearing (total internal reflection) and range of motion (ROM) were collected for functional assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ROM and weight\u2010bearing symmetry decreased after the procedure and recovered slowly with still significant deficit at the end of the study for both groups. Histological analysis confirmed fibrosis in both lateral and posterior periarticular tissue. Vitamin E supplementation showed a moderate anti\u2010inflammatory effect on the local and systemic levels. The vitamin E group exhibited significant improvement in ROM and weight\u2010bearing symmetry at day 84 compared to the control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This model is viable for simulating arthrofibrosis after joint replacement. Vitamin E may benefit postsurgical arthrofibrosis, and further studies are needed for dosing requirements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T09:56:55Z","timestamp":1711360615000},"page":"145-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The efficacy of vitamin E in preventing arthrofibrosis after joint replacement"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2550-7954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingfang","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts 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