{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:52:04Z","timestamp":1792270324956,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HT9425\u201023\u20101\u20101045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HT9425\u201023\u20101\u20101045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Streptozotocin (STZ)\u2010induced type I diabetes mellitus (DM) models have been pivotal in diabetes research due to their ability to mimic the insulin\u2010dependent hyperglycemia akin to human type I diabetes. However, these models often suffer from poor induction rates and low survival post\u2010STZ induction, especially in long\u2010term experiments, necessitating insulin supplementation, which introduces additional variables to experiments. To address this, we present a novel modification to the STZ\u2010induced DM model in C57BL\/6J mice to improve survival rates without insulin supplementation. Our method involves non\u2010fasting, low\u2010dose STZ injections dissolved in pH\u2010neutral phosphate buffer saline instead of acidic sodium citrate buffer, administered over 5\u2009days. We observed hyperglycemia induction in 94.28% of mice within a week post\u2010injection, with stable high blood glucose levels, stable body weight, and minimal mortality up to 21\u2009weeks. Notably, omitting 10% sucrose in water and fasting did not affect hyperglycemia induction. Our findings suggest that the modified protocol not only decreases the experimental effort of the researchers, but reduces animal stress and mortality, thus enhancing experimental outcomes and animal welfare. By optimizing the STZ\u2010induced DM model in C57BL\/6J mice, our study provides a valuable resource for researchers aiming to study diabetes and its complications while minimizing experimental variability and animal usage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:48:53Z","timestamp":1727761733000},"page":"777-780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Modified streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic model in rodents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Anton","family":"Lennikov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farris","family":"ElZaridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menglu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-126-32401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.43.8.992"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmr.5610030308"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471141755.ph0547s70"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677213489548"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2018.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.10.6129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v21i2.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32607\/actanaturae.11202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/dmso.S82272"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677217747915"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Accuracy of 5 point\u2010of\u2010care glucometers in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"57","author":"Morley LA","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"614","article-title":"Administration of substances to laboratory animals: equipment considerations, vehicle selection, and solute preparation","volume":"50","author":"Turner PV","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2010.010090"}],"container-title":["Animal Models and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ame2.12497","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ame2.12497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T11:39:58Z","timestamp":1730461198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ame2.12497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ame2.12497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ame2.12497","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2576-2095","2576-2095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2576-2095","type":"print"},{"value":"2576-2095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}