{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:01:03Z","timestamp":1787061663123,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative disease. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) induction is the most commonly used therapeutic effect evaluation and mechanism of action research model; we observed a lack of standardization and uniformity in current model building methods, which led us to conduct this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim was to investigate the time\u2010 and dose\u2010related changes in the behavioral and pathological characteristics in the MIA\u2010induced KOA model rat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MIA (40, 50, and 60\u2009mg\/mL) was injected into the left joint of male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats. After 2\u2009weeks, the changes in the KOA rat model were observed by behavioral evaluation, imaging\u2010level evaluation, and histological\u2010level evaluation. The changes were also compared after 40\u2010mg\/mL MIA injection for 2 and 6\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MIA\u2010induced bone surface defects, osteophyte hyperplasia around the articular rim, increased subchondral bone density, thinning of the sparse trabecular bone, structural disorder, and local clustering were observed. The degree of injury gradually increased with the increase in MIA concentration. After 6\u2009weeks, subchondral bone density and sparse trabecular bone increased in the KOA model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The severity of the model also increased significantly with the changes in dose and time. In dose\u2010dependent experiments, this study revealed that 40\u2009mg\/mL was the optimal dose to induce significant pathological changes without causing undue discomfort or death in animals. This dose may induce pathological changes stably and is suitable for long\u2010term observation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.70037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T04:59:29Z","timestamp":1749704369000},"page":"21-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Time\u2010 and dose\u2010related pathological changes in knee osteoarthritis rat model induced by monosodium iodoacetate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2964-6863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Pu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Clinical College Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Jinzhong China"},{"name":"Basic Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine  Jinzhong China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of 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